Les résumés des découvertes qui seront présentées lors du prochain congrès de la Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, en Octobre prochain, sont déjà
en ligne. Encore pas mal de découvertes passionnantes en perspective.
Parmi les sujets abordés il y a ces trois là qui m'interpelle :
Le sauropode de Damparis va enfin avoir la description qu'il mérite, et ce plus de 80 ans après sa découverte, et plus de 70 ans après l'attribution de ce spécimen à l'espèce
Bothriospondylus madagascariensis par Lapparent (un genre aujourd'hui invalide). Comme on pouvait s'y attendre, il représente un nouveau taxon de Brachiosauridae. Espérons que l'on n'ait pas à attendre aussi longtemps pour la description du squelette presque complet du titanosaure Eva.
THE EARLIEST KNOWN TITANOSAURIFORM SAUROPOD DINOSAUR AND
THE EVOLUTION OF BRACHIOSAURIDAE
MANNION, Philip, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; ALLAIN,
Ronan, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MOINE, Olivier, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Paris, France
Brachiosauridae is a clade of titanosauriform sauropods that includes the wellknown
Late Jurassic taxa Brachiosaurus and Giraffatitan. However, there is
disagreement over the brachiosaurid affinities of other taxa, and little consensus
regarding the clade's composition or inter-relationships. An unnamed partial skeleton
from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of France potentially represents the earliest known
titanosauriform and has been known as the 'French Bothriospondylus' or 'Damparis
sauropod' in the literature. Full preparation and description of this individual (comprising
teeth, vertebrae, and most appendicular elements) recognizes it as a distinct brachiosaurid
taxon. Along with all putative brachiosaurids, the Damparis sauropod was incorporated
into a revised phylogenetic analysis comprising 69 taxa, scored for 407 characters,
several of which are novel to this study. After pruning of several unstable and highly
incomplete taxa, analysis in TNT produces 18 MPTs of length 1482 steps, and we
recover a nearly fully resolved Brachiosauridae, with good stratigraphic fit. The
Damparis sauropod and other Late Jurassic European forms are recovered as a
paraphyletic array of basal brachiosaurids, with Brachiosaurus, Giraffatitan, and
Cretaceous North American taxa successively more nested within Brachiosauridae. The
putative Middle Jurassic brachiosaurid Atlasaurus is a non-neosauropod eusauropod that
shows some convergence with brachiosaurids, including forelimb elongation. The Late
Jurassic dwarf sauropod Europasaurus has been recovered either as a nontitanosauriform
macronarian or basal brachiosaurid in previous studies. Although the
latter placement seems secure, the effects of alternative treatment of scoring
paedomorphic character states impacts upon tree resolution. Scoring these as missing
data, rather than autapomorphic reversals to the plesiomorphic basal eusauropod
condition, produces a well resolved tree congruent with that recovered with
Europasaurus excluded a priori. Currently, Brachiosauridae is only definitely known
from the Late Jurassic of East Africa, western Europe, and the USA (along with a
possible South American occurrence), and was seemingly restricted to the USA in the
Early Cretaceous. Regardless of whether their absence from the Cretaceous of Africa and
Europe, as well as other regions in general, reflects regional extinctions and genuine
absences, respectively, or sampling artefacts, brachiosaurids appear to have become
globally extinct by the earliest Late Cretaceous.