J'ai pu quelques temps écrire un article sur word et le projeter sur un forum américain. Si certains se sentent (gigy je pense

) :
The Paleobiology of Megalodon:
Point 1: Scientists look at the complete set of the teeth of the Megalodon that have been found and than they determine that how were those teeth arranged in its jaws. The "root structures" of the teeth actually help in determining their positions in the jaws and scientists compare their alignment with that of the complete set of the teeth in the jaws of the GWS because they closely resemble each other in several ways (as I have pointed out before) to eliminate any chances of errors. Scientists also look at the muscle attachments in the jaws of the GWS and than reconstruct the Megalodon jaws in similar fashion but since the dentition of Megalodon is more robust, it means that the jaws of the Megalodon would be more heavily built and stouter, in-order to support it albeit still looking similar to that of GWS. Hence, Meg jaw reconstructions created in this modern age are far more accurate than the ones created in Pre-WW II era.
Point 2: Scientists look at the partial remains of the vertebral columns of the Megalodon that have been found so far to get more useful insights about the skeletal anatomy of this shark. In this regard the Belgium based specimen comes handy. The vertebral column of a Belgium based Meg specimen is the best preserved ever found. It was 30 feet long and contained 156 discs and the insights it provided were incredible. Scientists also compared the complete vertebral columns of several of the largest sharks in this modern age with that of the Meg and they found out that the vertebral column of the GWS was more closely resembling it in terms of "structure" and "quantity of discs" than that of the others. However, from the scrutiny of the complete vertebral columns of several large sharks, scientists discovered that the vertebral column of Megalodon was not complete and a large number of discs were missing from it, including those that are present in the tail section. After its reconstruction, the total number of discs in the vertebral column of this Meg exceeded 200. Hence, scientists were able to determine the exact proportions of the vertebral column that would be present in the skeleton of the Megalodon.
Point 3: Scientists look at the skeletons of several large sharks of the modern age to find out that what key portions of the skeletons of these sharks are identical and they use this information to reconstruct such portions of the skeleton of the Megalodon as well, as a team of scientists already have did.
Point 4: So much structural similarities with the GWS, indicate that the size of the Megalodon can be determined by using the TH to BL correlation method. The logic behind this is that the bigger the teeth, the larger would be the Megalodon accordingly, which is absolutely true in the case of the large predatory sharks like GWS and Megalodon was no exception as well.
Point 5: Since, Megalodon was even bigger and heavier than the Whale Shark, to keep such a body mass so large afloat, its fins needed to be very large and heavily developed as well, which would also assist it in exerting good control over its movements or else the shark won't be able to swim and would sink.
Point 6: Scientists finally look at the dietary preferences of these two species, which are also surprisingly similar. The GWS preys upon marine mammals, fish, and other sharks and also scavenges upon the carcasses of the whales. The Megalodon also preyed upon marine mammals, fish, other sharks and whales. However, one key difference can be pointed out here: The Megalodon could take on and kill a whale or in other words, it was an active hunter and predator of whales, unlike the GWS. The GWS is an active hunter and predator of pinnipeds. So we compare the anatomies of the whales and pinnipeds with each other to determine the differences. A whale is far more heavily built and has lots of blubber in it compared to pinnipeds. Now to kill such an animal, what kinds of characteristics the Megalodon possessed? Here are some:
A) Size and Power: In the words of a shark researcher - Mike deGruy: "The Megalodon was by far the biggest and most powerful shark to have ever existed," which is absolutely true as revealed by the fossil records and research works of several scientists.
B) Robust Dentition: The dentition of Megalodon indicates that it was more robust and its teeth had less bending ratios as compared to GWS. The pattern of serrations on the teeth of Megalodon are ideal for cutting the flesh and also bones because they are designed just like that of T-Rex, as revealed by the fossil records.
C) The intensity of the bite force: The bite force exerted by the Megalodon was tremendous, as revealed after a research work conducted by a team of scientists using sophisticated techniques and technology.
The Conclusion:
Hence, all these scientific theories and facts regarding Megalodon indicate that it was like a giant Great White Shark in steroids in terms of physical appearance, as several scientists have already pointed out before and its jaw reconstructions developed in these times are far more accurate than they were in Pre WW-II era.
Sources behind all of this research work include following:
1) The Size and Skeletal Anatomy of the extinct Megatoothed Shark (Research work conducted by 2 scientists; M. Gottfried, L. Compagno & S. Bowman)
2) Megalodon: Hunting the hunter (Book written by a paleontologist; Mark Renz)
3) The Megatooth Shark (Article written by a marine biologist; John Bruner)
Je réithererai plus tard en français, je manque de temps...